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V3542. AUTOSAR. Constant expression eva…
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V3542. AUTOSAR. Constant expression evaluation should not result in an unsigned integer wrap-around.

Mar 03 2021

This diagnostic rule is based on the software development guidelines developed by AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture).

As specified by the C++ standard, an overflow of values of unsigned types results in a wrap-around. Using this mechanism in evaluation of expressions at runtime is a well-known practice (unlike signed types, where an overflow leads to undefined behavior).

However, an unsigned integer wrap-around in expressions evaluated at compile time may be misleading.

Example of non-compliant code:

#include <stdint.h>
#define C1 (UINT_MAX) 
#define C2 (UINT_MIN) 
....
void foo(unsigned x)
{
    switch(x)
    {
        case C1 + 1U: ....; break;
        case C2 - 1U: ....; break;
    }
}

According to this rule, an unsigned integer wrap-around that occurs when evaluating a constant expression of unsigned type, it will not be treated as an error if the expression will never be evaluated:

#include <stdint.h>
#define C UINT_MAX
....
unsigned foo(unsigned x)
{
    if(x < 0 && (C + 1U) == 0x42) ....;  
    return x + C; 
}

The '(C + 1U)' expression resulting in an overflow will not be executed since the 'x < 0' condition is always true. Therefore, the second operand of the logical expression will not be evaluated.

This diagnostic is classified as:

  • AUTOSAR-M5.19.1